AWS의 RDS를 쓰는 것도 좋지만, EC2에 직접 설치해서 쓰는 경험으로 작업해본다.
#1. YUM 에서 설치가능한 패키지 확인하기
sudo yum list | grep mariadbmariadb-connector-c.x86_64 3.1.13-1.amzn2023.0.3 amazonlinux
mariadb-connector-c-config.noarch 3.1.13-1.amzn2023.0.3 amazonlinux
mariadb-connector-c-devel.x86_64 3.1.13-1.amzn2023.0.3 amazonlinux
mariadb-connector-c-test.x86_64 3.1.13-1.amzn2023.0.3 amazonlinux
mariadb105.x86_64 3:10.5.23-1.amzn2023.0.1 amazonlinux
mariadb105-backup.x86_64 3:10.5.23-1.amzn2023.0.1 amazonlinux
mariadb105-common.x86_64 3:10.5.23-1.amzn2023.0.1 amazonlinux
mariadb105-connect-engine.x86_64 3:10.5.23-1.amzn2023.0.1 amazonlinux
mariadb105-cracklib-password-check.x86_64 3:10.5.23-1.amzn2023.0.1 amazonlinux
mariadb105-devel.x86_64 3:10.5.23-1.amzn2023.0.1 amazonlinux
mariadb105-errmsg.x86_64 3:10.5.23-1.amzn2023.0.1 amazonlinux
mariadb105-gssapi-server.x86_64 3:10.5.23-1.amzn2023.0.1 amazonlinux
mariadb105-oqgraph-engine.x86_64 3:10.5.23-1.amzn2023.0.1 amazonlinux
mariadb105-pam.x86_64 3:10.5.23-1.amzn2023.0.1 amazonlinux
mariadb105-rocksdb-engine.x86_64 3:10.5.23-1.amzn2023.0.1 amazonlinux
mariadb105-server.x86_64 3:10.5.23-1.amzn2023.0.1 amazonlinux
mariadb105-server-utils.x86_64 3:10.5.23-1.amzn2023.0.1 amazonlinux
mariadb105-sphinx-engine.x86_64 3:10.5.23-1.amzn2023.0.1 amazonlinux
mariadb105-test.x86_64 3:10.5.23-1.amzn2023.0.1 amazonlinux설치된 버전이 꽤나 최신버전이므로 그냥 설치한다. repo 추가 스킵!
python library와 호환성이 맞지 않아 다시 설치한다.
설치 예제는 보기만하고 버전 맞춰서 까는 부분부터 따라하라
#2. 목록에 존재하는 mariadb105-server를 설치한다.
sudo yum install mariadb105-serverLast metadata expiration check: 0:36:56 ago on Mon Feb 19 00:40:05 2024.
Dependencies resolved.
============================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
============================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
mariadb105-server x86_64 3:10.5.23-1.amzn2023.0.1 amazonlinux 11 M
Installing dependencies:
mariadb-connector-c x86_64 3.1.13-1.amzn2023.0.3 amazonlinux 196 k
mariadb-connector-c-config noarch 3.1.13-1.amzn2023.0.3 amazonlinux 9.2 k
mariadb105 x86_64 3:10.5.23-1.amzn2023.0.1 amazonlinux 1.6 M
mariadb105-common x86_64 3:10.5.23-1.amzn2023.0.1 amazonlinux 30 k
mariadb105-errmsg x86_64 3:10.5.23-1.amzn2023.0.1 amazonlinux 214 k
mysql-selinux noarch 1.0.4-2.amzn2023.0.3 amazonlinux 36 k
perl-B x86_64 1.80-477.amzn2023.0.6 amazonlinux 179 k
perl-DBD-MariaDB x86_64 1.22-1.amzn2023.0.4 amazonlinux 153 k
perl-DBI x86_64 1.643-7.amzn2023.0.3 amazonlinux 700 k
perl-Data-Dumper x86_64 2.174-460.amzn2023.0.2 amazonlinux 55 k
perl-File-Copy noarch 2.34-477.amzn2023.0.6 amazonlinux 20 k
perl-FileHandle noarch 2.03-477.amzn2023.0.6 amazonlinux 16 k
perl-Math-BigInt noarch 1:1.9998.18-458.amzn2023.0.2 amazonlinux 189 k
perl-Math-Complex noarch 1.59-477.amzn2023.0.6 amazonlinux 47 k
perl-Sys-Hostname x86_64 1.23-477.amzn2023.0.6 amazonlinux 18 k
perl-base noarch 2.27-477.amzn2023.0.6 amazonlinux 17 k
Installing weak dependencies:
mariadb105-backup x86_64 3:10.5.23-1.amzn2023.0.1 amazonlinux 6.3 M
mariadb105-cracklib-password-check x86_64 3:10.5.23-1.amzn2023.0.1 amazonlinux 16 k
mariadb105-gssapi-server x86_64 3:10.5.23-1.amzn2023.0.1 amazonlinux 18 k
mariadb105-server-utils x86_64 3:10.5.23-1.amzn2023.0.1 amazonlinux 216 k
Transaction Summary
============================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install 21 Packages
Total download size: 20 M
Installed size: 117 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y#3. 설치된 MariaDB 확인
mysql --versionmysql Ver 15.1 Distrib 10.5.23-MariaDB, for Linux (x86_64) using EditLine wrapper#4. 서비스 셋업
sudo systemctl start mariadbsudo systemctl status mariadb● mariadb.service - MariaDB 10.5 database server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service; disabled; preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Mon 2024-02-19 01:27:27 UTC; 22s ago
Docs: man:mariadbd(8)
https://mariadb.com/kb/en/library/systemd/
Process: 27633 ExecStartPre=/usr/libexec/mariadb-check-socket (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 27667 ExecStartPre=/usr/libexec/mariadb-prepare-db-dir mariadb.service (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 27793 ExecStartPost=/usr/libexec/mariadb-check-upgrade (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 27780 (mariadbd)
Status: "Taking your SQL requests now..."
Tasks: 12 (limit: 1114)
Memory: 66.1M
CPU: 469ms
CGroup: /system.slice/mariadb.service
└─27780 /usr/libexec/mariadbd --basedir=/usr
Feb 19 01:27:27 ip-10-0-140-229.ap-northeast-2.compute.internal mariadb-prepare-db-dir[27738]: The second is mysql@localhost, it has no password either, but
Feb 19 01:27:27 ip-10-0-140-229.ap-northeast-2.compute.internal mariadb-prepare-db-dir[27738]: you need to be the system 'mysql' user to connect.
Feb 19 01:27:27 ip-10-0-140-229.ap-northeast-2.compute.internal mariadb-prepare-db-dir[27738]: After connecting you can set the password, if you would need to be
Feb 19 01:27:27 ip-10-0-140-229.ap-northeast-2.compute.internal mariadb-prepare-db-dir[27738]: able to connect as any of these users with a password and without sudo
Feb 19 01:27:27 ip-10-0-140-229.ap-northeast-2.compute.internal mariadb-prepare-db-dir[27738]: See the MariaDB Knowledgebase at https://mariadb.com/kb
Feb 19 01:27:27 ip-10-0-140-229.ap-northeast-2.compute.internal mariadb-prepare-db-dir[27738]: Please report any problems at https://mariadb.org/jira
Feb 19 01:27:27 ip-10-0-140-229.ap-northeast-2.compute.internal mariadb-prepare-db-dir[27738]: The latest information about MariaDB is available at https://mariadb.org/.
Feb 19 01:27:27 ip-10-0-140-229.ap-northeast-2.compute.internal mariadb-prepare-db-dir[27738]: Consider joining MariaDB's strong and vibrant community:
Feb 19 01:27:27 ip-10-0-140-229.ap-northeast-2.compute.internal mariadb-prepare-db-dir[27738]: https://mariadb.org/get-involved/
Feb 19 01:27:27 ip-10-0-140-229.ap-northeast-2.compute.internal systemd[1]: Started mariadb.service - MariaDB 10.5 database server.재부팅시 서비스 재시작을 위해서 서비스 enable
sudo systemctl enable mariadbCreated symlink /etc/systemd/system/mysql.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/mysqld.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mariadb.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service.#5. 계정 및 비밀번호 설정
sudo mysqladmin -u root -p password
sudo mariadb-admin -u root -p passwordEnter password:
New password:
Confirm new password:#6. 접속 테스트
root 권한은 target host에서 직접 붙어서 localhost로만 이용하자. 보안 강화를 위해서.
mysql -u root -pEnter password:
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 17
Server version: 10.5.23-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.유저 정보 확인
SELECT host, user, password FROM mysql.user;Host tab에 있는 정보가 접근 가능 정보이다.
-> ;
+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------+
| Host | User | Password |
+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------+
| localhost | mariadb.sys | |
| localhost | root | *ㅁㄷㅁㄹㅁㄹㄷㅁㄹㄷㅁㄹㅁㄷㄹㄷㅁㄹㅁㄷㄹㅁㄷㄹㅁㄷㄹ |
| localhost | mysql | invalid |
+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.001 sec)외부 접근권한을 주기 위해서 다음의 쿼리를 실행
grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '니 비밀번호';MariaDB [(none)]> SELECT host, user, password FROM mysql.user
-> ;
+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------+
| Host | User | Password |
+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------+
| localhost | mariadb.sys | |
| localhost | root | *ㄴㄹㄷㄴㄹㄷㄴㄹㄴㄷㄹㄴㄷㄹㄴㄷㄹㄴㄷㄹㄴㅍㄴㄷㄹ |
| localhost | mysql | invalid |
| % | root | *ㄹㄷㄴㄹㄴㄷㄹㅍㄴㄷㅍㄷㄴㄹㅋㄷㄹㄴㄷㄹㄴㄷㄹㄴㄷ |
+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.001 sec)%이 모든 것이라는 의미.
flush privileges;설정 반영 고고고 > flush privileges;
#7. 접속 해보자
AWS에서 Firewall을 설정하는 일은 필요 없었다. 기본적으로 Security group의 처리에 의존하고 AWS Linux에서는 처리하지 않는 것 같다.
- YUM (YellowDog Updater, Modified, RPM 기반의 시스템을 위한 자동 업데이터 겸 패키지 설치/제거 도구)
#8. 버전을 바꿔서 다시 설치한다.
내 python 프로젝트와 호환성이 안맞아서 같은 버전의 mariadb를 설치하기 위해서
정확한 yum repository를 찾기 위해서 사이트를 방문한다.
11.2 가 가장 stable 중에 최신이고 내 로칼과 같았다.
sudo vi /etc/yum.repos.d/MariaDB.repoWeb 에서 MariaDB.repo 파일에 속성 파일을 넣어본다.
# MariaDB 11.2 RedHatEnterpriseLinux repository list - created 2024-02-19 05:19 UTC
# https://mariadb.org/download/
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
# rpm.mariadb.org is a dynamic mirror if your preferred mirror goes offline. See https://mariadb.org/mirrorbits/ for details.
# baseurl = https://rpm.mariadb.org/11.2/rhel/$releasever/$basearch
baseurl = https://mirrors.xtom.jp/mariadb/yum/11.2/rhel/$releasever/$basearch
module_hotfixes = 1
# gpgkey = https://rpm.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgkey = https://mirrors.xtom.jp/mariadb/yum/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck = 1
사이트에서 받은 원본 그대로 넣었다.
Errors during downloading metadata for repository 'mariadb':
- Status code: 404 for https://mirror.mariadb.org/yum/11.2/rhel/2023.3.20240205/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml (IP: 162.55.42.214)
Error: Failed to download metadata for repo 'mariadb': Cannot download repomd.xml: Cannot download repodata/repomd.xml: All mirrors were tried
Ignoring repositories: mariadb에러가 발생했다.
# baseurl = https://rpm.mariadb.org/11.2/rhel/$releasever/$basearch
baseurl = https://mirrors.xtom.jp/mariadb/yum/11.2/rhel/$releasever/$basearch원본은 변수($releasever/$basearch)였다.
이렇게 돌려보면 에러가 표시된다. centos7, rhel 7 돌아가면서 해보다보니 repodata 폴더를 매칭하는게 중요한 것이 보였다.
Errors during downloading metadata for repository 'mariadb':
- Status code: 404 for https://mirrors.xtom.jp/mariadb/yum/11.2/centos/2023.3.20240205/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml (IP: 45.14.106.5)
Error: Failed to download metadata for repo 'mariadb': Cannot download repomd.xml: Cannot download repodata/repomd.xml: All mirrors were tried
Ignoring repositories: mariadb#9. 실제 파일이 있나 보러 간다.
그래서 실제 타깃 링크로 이동했다.
https://mirrors.xtom.jp/mariadb/yum/11.2/rhel/$releasever/$basearch
404 Not found.
변수를 제거해본다.
https://mirrors.xtom.jp/mariadb/yum/11.2/rhel/
7server/x86_64/로 이동하면 보인다 repodata/
https://mirrors.xtom.jp/mariadb/yum/11.2/rhel/7Server/x86_64/
#10. repo 파일을 변경한다.
sudo vi /etc/yum.repos.d/MariaDB.repo경로 정보를 맞춰본다.
baseurl = https://rpm.mariadb.org/11.2/rhel/7Server/x86_64/저 변수 부분을 내가 원하는 것으로 정확하게 조절해야 레포가 정확하게 매칭된다. 저 변수 처리에 대해서 공부할 시간이 없어서 넘어간다.
"/etc/yum.repos.d/MariaDB.repo" 12L, 569B 12,0-1 All# MariaDB 11.2 RedHatEnterpriseLinux repository list - created 2024-02-19 05:19 UTC
# https://mariadb.org/download/
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
# rpm.mariadb.org is a dynamic mirror if your preferred mirror goes offline. See https://mariadb.org/mirrorbits/ for details.
baseurl = https://rpm.mariadb.org/11.2/rhel/7Server/x86_64/
# baseurl = https://mirrors.xtom.jp/mariadb/yum/11.2/rhel/$releasever/$basearch
module_hotfixes = 1
gpgkey = https://rpm.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
# gpgkey = https://mirrors.xtom.jp/mariadb/yum/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck = 1#11. 이젠 될 줄 알았다.
Complete!
[ec2-user@ip-10-0-140-229 .ssh]$ sudo yum install MariaDB-server
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:10 ago on Mon Feb 19 05:49:20 2024.
Error:
Problem: conflicting requests
- nothing provides libcrypto.so.10()(64bit) needed by MariaDB-server-11.2.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64
- nothing provides libcrypto.so.10(libcrypto.so.10)(64bit) needed by MariaDB-server-11.2.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64
- nothing provides libssl.so.10()(64bit) needed by MariaDB-server-11.2.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64
- nothing provides libssl.so.10(libssl.so.10)(64bit) needed by MariaDB-server-11.2.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64
- nothing provides libcrypto.so.10(OPENSSL_1.0.2)(64bit) needed by MariaDB-server-11.2.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64
- nothing provides libcrypto.so.10()(64bit) needed by MariaDB-server-11.2.2-1.el7.centos.x86_64
- nothing provides libcrypto.so.10(libcrypto.so.10)(64bit) needed by MariaDB-server-11.2.2-1.el7.centos.x86_64
- nothing provides libssl.so.10()(64bit) needed by MariaDB-server-11.2.2-1.el7.centos.x86_64
- nothing provides libssl.so.10(libssl.so.10)(64bit) needed by MariaDB-server-11.2.2-1.el7.centos.x86_64
- nothing provides libcrypto.so.10(OPENSSL_1.0.2)(64bit) needed by MariaDB-server-11.2.2-1.el7.centos.x86_64
- nothing provides libcrypto.so.10()(64bit) needed by MariaDB-server-11.2.3-1.el7.centos.x86_64
- nothing provides libcrypto.so.10(libcrypto.so.10)(64bit) needed by MariaDB-server-11.2.3-1.el7.centos.x86_64
- nothing provides libssl.so.10()(64bit) needed by MariaDB-server-11.2.3-1.el7.centos.x86_64
- nothing provides libssl.so.10(libssl.so.10)(64bit) needed by MariaDB-server-11.2.3-1.el7.centos.x86_64
- nothing provides libcrypto.so.10(OPENSSL_1.0.2)(64bit) needed by MariaDB-server-11.2.3-1.el7.centos.x86_64
(try to add '--skip-broken' to skip uninstallable packages)관련 파일의 호환성 문제가 발생했다.
버전 문제라는 것을 기반으로 여러가지 돌려봤는데 7Server를 9Server로 바꾸니까 되기 시작했다.
최종 파일이다. Red Hat Enterprise Linux여야 한다던데, 걔든 누구든 CentOS7 베이스를 부르는 듯하다. 그래서 CentOS9레포로 받으니 깔렸다.
확인하기 위해 RHEL9으로 바꿔본다.
# MariaDB 11.2 RedHatEnterpriseLinux repository list - created 2024-02-19 05:54 UTC
# https://mariadb.org/download/
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
# rpm.mariadb.org is a dynamic mirror if your preferred mirror goes offline. See https://mariadb.org/mirrorbits/ for details.
# baseurl = https://rpm.mariadb.org/11.2/rhel/$releasever/$basearch
baseurl = https://mirrors.xtom.jp/mariadb/yum/11.2/rhel/9Server/x86_64
# gpgkey = https://rpm.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgkey = https://mirrors.xtom.jp/mariadb/yum/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck = 1둘 다 잘된다. CentOS9, RHEL9 둘다 잘깔림.
#11. 이제 잘 된다.
이제 다시 python pip install 을 수행해보자
AWS Linux 2 에서 pip install for MariaDB 수행할 때 버그 해결
이제 EC2에 그냥 디비를 깐다.
sudo yum install MariaDB-server잘 깔린다.
끝
전체 과정 블로그 /aws-ec2-mariadb-환경-설정